
Congo: White King, Red Rubber, Black Death
Between 1885 and 1908, King Leopold II of Belgium ran the Congo Free State as his personal property, extracting rubber through a system of forced labor, hostage-taking, and mutilation that killed millions. The film mixes archival photographs, colonial-era footage, and dramatized reenactments, with an actor playing Leopold defending his record directly to camera as if facing a modern tribunal. Historians and descendants of both colonizers and the colonized lay out how the rubber quotas worked in practice: villages given impossible targets, severed hands collected as proof that bullets weren't wasted, and a Belgian public kept largely ignorant of what funded their king's palaces. The reenactments are staged like courtroom testimony, forcing Leopold's self-justifications up against the physical evidence of amputated limbs and mass graves. The film also traces how the atrocities became public through the reports of Edmund Dene Morel and Roger Casement, and how Leopold's image was rehabilitated in Belgium long after the killing ended. It is a direct reckoning with a genocide most viewers were never taught.