Akhil Reed Amar continues his Yale course on the Constitution with a close reading of the Bill of Rights, arguing that its first ten amendments answer Anti-Federalist fears of a distant central government. He notes the Supreme Court struck down no act of Congress on First Amendment grounds until 1965, and traces why the amendments open with 'Congress shall make no law' and close with the Tenth Amendment reserving power to the states, a gap not closed until the Fourteenth Amendment. Amar follows juries as a recurring theme across the Fourth through Eighth Amendments, local bodies checking national judges much as militias check a national army. He explains the political reasons Federalists accepted limits on their own handiwork, from sectional reconciliation to Madison's campaign promise, and ends on the Twelfth Amendment, which enabled party tickets while leaving the three-fifths rule in the Electoral College intact.