Hong Wang, mathematician at New York University, continues this Emmy Noether Lecture Series talk at the Institute for Advanced Study on projection theory, which studies how the Hausdorff dimension of a set in Rn behaves when projected onto lower-dimensional subspaces, and how to bound the exceptional set of directions where dimension is not preserved. Building on part one, Wang surveys the discretized and multi-scale techniques originating with Jean Bourgain and extended by Pablo Shmerkin and Tuomas Orponen, showing how structural analysis of an arbitrary set in Rn feeds into projection estimates for both orthogonal and nonlinear projection families. The lecture assumes familiarity with the first installment and moves through recent progress in the field, aimed at a research-level audience in geometric measure theory and harmonic analysis. Delivered at Simonyi Hall 101, it runs just over an hour.