
Is Nuclear Power Safe? Calculating the Number of Deaths Caused by Nuclear Accidents
R. Scott Kemp teaches this session of MIT's course 22.04, Social Problems of Nuclear Energy, working through how to estimate cancer deaths from major reactor accidents. He walks through the epidemiological methods used to calculate fatalities from Chernobyl and Fukushima, then builds an estimate of expected deaths from a typical nuclear accident. The lecture converts these figures into a deaths-per-terawatt-hour metric so nuclear power can be compared against coal, natural gas, and other energy sources on the same scale. Kemp addresses the uncertainty ranges in these calculations and why public perception of nuclear risk often diverges sharply from the statistical record. Running 76 minutes, the lecture is quantitative and methodical, treating risk assessment as a problem of data and modeling rather than rhetoric, and it sits within a broader course examining the political, social, and technical dimensions of nuclear energy policy.