Ian Shapiro, Sterling Professor of Political Science and Global Affairs at Yale, continues his examination of government privatization in this DeVane Lecture from his course Power and Politics in Today's World. He looks at how the United States has outsourced military logistics, using host nation trucking contracts in Afghanistan as a case study, and traces the emergence of private prisons in the American penal system. Shapiro then draws a direct comparison between the military and prison industries, asking what incentives private contractors have in each case and what consequences follow when profit motives enter functions traditionally run by the state. The lecture is part of a Yale course, open to students and the public in fall 2019, that traces the arc from the optimism after the fall of communism to today's politics of fear and resentment.