Justin Reich teaches this session of MIT's CMS.595 Learning, Media, and Technology course, tracing education technology back before computers entered classrooms. He opens by mapping the stakeholders in any edtech decision, teachers, administrators, parents, and developers, whose interests often conflict. The lecture walks through historical examples including classroom projectors and televisions, school-wide broadcasting systems, and even the textbook itself as a technology with its own adoption history. A central idea is the third-party payer problem, where the people who actually use a tool, students and teachers, rarely control the purchasing decisions that bring it into schools. Reich uses these older cases to show that debates over new digital tools are rarely new, and that understanding who buys, who uses, and who benefits is essential to understanding why some technologies stick in classrooms and others disappear. Fifty-eight minutes, MIT OpenCourseWare.