
How GENs Arose out of Moms Organizing to Protect Their Children's Future
Kelsey Wirth, co-founder of the climate advocacy group Mothers Out Front, traces how grassroots organizing by parents grew into the political push behind geothermal energy networks (GENs) in Massachusetts. Speaking as part of MIT's IAP 2025 course on Geothermal Energy Networks, taught with the nonprofit HEET, Wirth walks through how local mothers' groups built the people power and political pressure needed to get utility-scale geothermal piloted and legislated. She frames the story around two kinds of power, organizing power from committed volunteers and political power exercised through legislators and regulators, and explains how the team translated neighborhood meetings into statewide policy wins. The talk sits within a broader engineering course but focuses on the civic and organizing side of energy transition rather than the technical design of the networks themselves.