Advanced Thermodynamics
A graduate-level MIT OpenCourseWare course reviewing general thermodynamics, multicomponent equilibrium, chemical equilibrium, electrochemical potentials, and chemical kinetics before extending into nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Topics include second-law efficiencies for allocating primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions in cogeneration and hybrid power systems, minimum work of separation, maximum work of mixing, osmotic pressure and membrane equilibria, metastable states, spinodal decomposition, and Onsager's near-equilibrium reciprocity across thermodiffusive, thermoelectric, and electrokinetic effects. The course builds toward a unified treatment of phase equilibria, transport, and nonequilibrium phenomena relevant to energy and climate engineering. Materials come from MIT's Department of Mechanical Engineering and follow the standard OpenCourseWare format of lecture notes and problem sets, free to access with no certificate offered. Suited to students who already have a foundation in classical thermodynamics and want to extend it toward applied energy systems.