Yale law professor Akhil Reed Amar continues his course on the Constitution by reading Article I as a set of borrowed state practices. He shows how the framers copied Pennsylvania on paying legislators and conducting a census, and Massachusetts on popular ratification, while rejecting Britain's unpaid Commons, property qualifications, and religious tests for office. Amar argues the age minimums of 25 and 30 were meant to open the system rather than restrict it, preventing states from stacking Congress with famous young dynastic names. He covers two-year House terms, the public galleries built into the Capitol, and the decennial census that keeps representation tied to population shifts. The lecture closes on the three-fifths clause, the one place where the document's democratic logic breaks down, since it let enslaved people count toward a state's congressional seats without granting them any vote themselves.